What Everyone Should Know About Lead-Based Paint.
Summary:
The federal government outlawed lead-based paint in 1978. However, even though the interiors and exteriors of all pre-1978 homes may have subsequently been repainted, lead is toxic and represents a very significant health hazard.
The E.P.A estimates that homes built before 1978 have about a 75% chance of having lead-based paint. The older the home the greater the likelihood that lead paint was used when it was originally built. To wit, the EPA estimates that homes built between 1960 & 1978 have a 24% chance, construction between 1940 & 1960 carry a 69% chance, while those built before 1940 have a 87% chance.
Medical conditions associated with exposure to lead.
- Possible effects on children:
- Nervous system & kidney damage;
- Learning disabilities (e.g., ADD) & decreased intelligence;
- Speech & behavioral problems;
- Decreased muscle & bone growth;
- Hearing damage.
- Possible effects on adults:
- High blood pressure;
- Fertility problems (both sexes;)
- Nerve disorders & memory & concentration problems;
- Harm to a fetus, including brain damage and death, etc.
How does lead enter the body?
- Breathe in lead dust (e.g., during renovations where lead paint is disturbed via sanding, scraping, demolition, etc.)
- Children may eat paint chips, which are sweet, or contaminated soil.
- Contact with objects containing lead (e.g., old toys, furniture, lead-glazed pottery, etc.) Children are especially susceptible, since they often put their fingers in their mouths.
The most common lead hazards in homes.
Lead-based paint is usually not a hazard if it is in good condition, and it is not on an impact or friction surface. Lead-based paint becomes a problem when it deteriorates and the surface begins to chip, peel, crack or chalk. Such deterioration is most often associated with the following:
- Windows, window sills and frames;
- Door and door frames;
- Stairs, banisters, railings and porches.
If you live in a pre-1978 home, be sure to test for lead-based paint before starting any renovation.
Federal E.P.A Regulations
Assuming a home has been tested and found to contain lead-based paint, Federal law requires that specific safety measures be taken by an individual homeowner or contractor who intends to refurbish/renovate any painted interior space of more than 6 sq ft, any painted exterior space of more than 20 sq ft and/or any window replacement. Should a renovation involve areas exceeding these limits, the contractor must be E.P.A. certified.
To learn more about the required safety measures or to find a certified contractor, contact the National Lead Information Center at 1-800-424-5323 or epa.gov/lead/NLIC. Two very informative E.P.A. pamphlets are called “Protect Your Family From Lead in Your Home” and “The Lead-Safe Certified Guide To Renovate Right.” The Protect Your Family pamphlet is something every Realtor is required to give to their buyers, who are considering pre-1978 homes. Renovation contractors are required to give renters and homeowners the Renovate Right pamphlet before starting any renovation involving pre-1978 structures. Contact the E.P.A. for a copy or feel free to contact me.
The photo was taken from a book about the life of Geo. Rogers Clark. Circa 1890s.
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